Annotated Bibliography Example: Negative Effects Social Networking Sites Have on Relationships

Research question: what role do social networking sites play in the development of romantic relationships among adolescents?

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Thesis Statement: Social networking sites (SNSs) present negative implications to the success of long-term relationships because the frequent use of SNSs can result in the rise of jealousy, miscommunication between partners, and the violation of privacy.

Fox, Jesse, and Jennifer J. Moreland. "The Dark Side Of Social Networking Sites: An Exploration Of The Relational And Psychological Stressors Associated With Facebook Use And Affordances". Computers in Human Behavior, vol 45, 2015, pp. 168-176. Elsevier BV, doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.083.

Social networking sites have gained tremendous prevalence in modern society today. Everybody from the young to the age is in social media. For instance, Jesse Fox, Ph.D. has stated that" Facebook a social networking site has over one billion active users (Fox, and Moreland 169). Nearly three-quarters of Facebook users visit the site at least every day of the week. Ozone a Chinese social networking site boasts of about seven hundred million users (Fox, and Moreland 169). In addition, other social networking sites like Google and Twitter has at least a quarter of a million users." Social media comes with both positive and negative sides to it. Social networking sites give benefits like lowering the guard for initiation of interaction, unification of distant friends, and maintaining personal relationships. The negative outcomes of social networking sites are mental. This is because such action as unfriending a mate in social networking sites may lead to the feeling of rejection which may cause depression to someone (Fox, and Moreland 174). The most reported feeling after the use of social networking sites includes sad angry jealous, anxious and overwhelmed. All these emotions are negative in nature thus showing how social networking sites are harming people. These feelings are mainly prevalent in romantic relationships. The feature ability to go live on Facebook has brought the dark side of Facebook.

This facet enables a person to link their social networking site with another person. This too much connectivity in the relationship will give rise to conflicts in the relationship due to their different meanings and perception. Social networking sites are easily affordable. It does not matter whatever your location is, you will still get connected (Fox, and Moreland 177). This easy affordance of social networking sites has made an impact on romantic relationships. It adds to meddling in the relationship too much social networking may lead to conflicts in the relationship. One partner may feel left out if the other partner spends all time on Twitter. Secret tests in social networking sites though are initiated with a good intent often has negative effects on the relationship. Social networking sites offer the best platform for jealousy to brew in a romantic relationship. Cyberstalking is common in a relationship during and even after its dissolution. Cyberstalking is a crime and is outlawed by law.

The source is credible as the author holds a Ph.D. from Ohio State University thus has vast experience in this field. The article was written in 2015 and currently, there are more social network users thus the study is relevant. The information provided is critical to my research as it clearly shows the negative impact Social networking sites have on relationships.

"Influence of Social Media in Interpersonal Communication". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND RESEARCH, 2017, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kalpathy_Subramanian/publication/319422885_Influence_of_Social_Media_in_Interpersonal_Communication/links/59a96d950f7e9b2790120fea/Influence-of-Social-Media-in-Interpersonal-Communication.pdf. Accessed 30 Nov 2018.

Today's world is very fast and people no longer have time for one another. Social media has filled this gap and provides a platform where people can exchange ideas, news, and pictures. The need for face to face communication is on the decline. The most impacted by social media is the youngsters. Young people's communication has been taken over by social media to levels that warrant an intervention. Thus people should understand that social media comes with positive and negative effects. Social media is on the rise. For example Sites like Facebook and WhatsApp have 90 percent penetration of social media usage ("Influence of Social Media in Interpersonal Communication"). Other entities like businesses have contributed to the rise of social media especially after they realized they a bigger market for their products exists in social media. Social media is the most preferred tool for communication nowadays.

People can get easily connected instantly at the touch of a button. Small and medium sizes companies are now able to reach a wider market for their products than before. The cost of the conventional means of the advertisement was too high thus only the big companies could advertise. But with the rise of social media, the scale is tipping towards the size of small companies. Social media has turned young people t become lazy people in society. Social media has changed these people to become lonesome in their privacy of their mobile phones. Interacting with friends in real life is not a story of the past since they have online friends. This has ultimately resulted in the moral values of the community to deteriorate and there is no sense of respect among this age group ("Influence of Social Media in Interpersonal Communication").

The integrity of the source holds water as the author is a doctor and a senior consultant and a professor of management. The study was done in 2017 in India. We live in a global world and despite the fact the study was done in India it is still relevant as social networks are used all over the world. The study is critical to my research as it points out the way social media has taken over the usual channels of communication between people.

Rahaman, H. M. Saidur. "Romantic Relationship Length And Its Perceived Quality: Mediating Role Of Facebook-Related Conflict". Europe's Journal of Psychology, vol 11, no. 3, 2015, pp. 395-405. Leibniz-Institute for Psychology Information (ZPID), doi:10.5964/ejop.v11i3.932

Conflict is part and parcel of most romantic relationships in the world. Facebook-related conflicts though does not affect a matured relationship has an impact in short-term relationships. This is because Facebook may be the easiest tool used to communicate and keep in touch with the other partner. The continuance use of the social networking site Facebook will lead o or partner feeling dissatisfies with the relationship in terms of love, Satisfaction and commitment. These three qualities are usually used to gauge where the relationship is headed to and they come as a result of the negative relationship there is a concept known as the uncertainty reduction which constitutes o people seeking information about their partners on social media. The reason for his is very clear and it's to reduce the doubts which a person has about the other partner. This theory will be ineffective if the conflicts generated by Facebook are done away with.

The study was done in 2015 and it is acceptable as the author works at the department of psychology at the University of Jagannath Bangladesh. It helps in bringing diversity to my research. The research is pivotal to my study as it shows how Facebook and other social networks impact negatively on relationship resulting in breakups. It highlights how the SNSs affect the quality of a relationship.

BRAITHWAITE, SCOTT R. et al. "Romantic Relationships and the Physical and Mental Health of College Students". Personal Relationships, vol 17, no. 1, 2010, pp. 1-12. Wiley, doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01248.x.

Married students are less likely to engage in certain dangerous activities. These activities include drunk driving or engaging in harmful behaviors like having multiple sexual partners .these activities may result in effects which will impact the body of a student negatively (. For instance, risky behavior such as having multiple sex partners has been linked to the spread of the human papillomavirus (BRAITHWAITE et al 5). This is a negative impact which was observed in most single students. Single students have multiple sexual partners thus are at greater risk. In addition, students in committed romantic relationships drink alcohol less often than single students. Students in a committed relationship are less likely to experience mental problems the students who are single. They do not have to deal with some of the problems other students deal with.

The study was done in 2010 and is still relevant as there many aspects of the study that one can explore. The research integrity is good as the authors hold degrees from Florida State University. They have passed through college and have hands-on experience on the matter. It will help me in my research as it brings another angle of married couples in the University.

Utz, Sonja, and Camiel J. Beukeboom. "The Role of Social Network Sites in Romantic Relationships: Effects on Jealousy and Relationship Happiness". Journal Of Computer-Mediated Communication, vol 16, no. 4, 2011, pp. 511-527. Oxford University Press (OUP), doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2011.01552.x.

Social networking sites provide more data about a partner thus monitoring a partner is much easier. With the data readily available, the public can also access information about a romantic relationship (Utz, and Beukeboom 512). The negative use of Facebook greatly increases jealousy in a relationship. Jealousy is basically a feeling of envy which exists in the relationship. There are two types of jealousy, there is state jealousy and dispositional jealousy. The latter means jealousy as a reaction by someone and the first one is a characteristic someone has. Social networking has made information about others which was inaccessible to be very open (Utz, and Beukeboom 515). Humans are prone to be jealous if they see their partners interacting with other potential romantic partners. For instance, women on Facebook are considered to be more jealous than others. Social networking sites give out the connection between users on the internet. The unique thing about social networking is that a person can be actually identified through the details in the SNS. Rather than a person remaining anonymous he or she is 'anonymous'.

The study was done in 2011 and the authors study at the University of Amsterdam. The study is critical to my research as it looks at how SNSs affect a relationship. It effects on how happy a relationship is and jealousy.

Work cited

BRAITHWAITE, SCOTT R. et al. "Romantic Relationships and the Physical and Mental Health of College Students". Personal Relationships, vol 17, no. 1, 2010, pp. 1-12. Wiley, doi:10.1111/j.1475-6

Fox, Jesse, and Jennifer J. Moreland. "The Dark Side Of Social Networking Sites: An Exploration Of The Relational And Psychological Stressors Associated With Facebook Use And Affordances". Computers in Human Behavior, vol 45, 2015, pp. 168-176. Elsevier BV, doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.083.811.2010.01248.x.

Fox, Jesse, and Jennifer J. Moreland. "The Dark Side Of Social Networking Sites: An Exploration Of The Relational And Psychological Stressors Associated With Facebook Use And Affordances". Computers in Human Behavior, vol 45, 2015, pp. 168-176. Elsevier BV, doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.083.

"Influence of Social Media in Interpersonal Communication". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND RESEARCH, 2017, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kalpathy_Subramanian/publication/319422885_Influence_of_Social_Media_in_Interpersonal_Communication/links/59a96d950f7e9b2790120fea/Influence-of-Social-Media-in-Inte Rahaman, H....