Essay Example. Development of Higher Education under the Background of Artificial Intelligence

The development of new technology, such as artificial intelligence, has had a tremendous impact on education, especially higher education. This has led to the emergence of new governance of higher institutions. Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming the kind of services offered in higher learning (Popenic and Kerr, 2017). For instance, nowadays, universities use IBM's supercomputer devices which are a form of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence has changed the administration structure within higher learning institutions (Singh, J, 2018). This means some of the staff have lost their jobs because of the use of machines. The use of devices for learning has become a discipline of artificial intelligence used in software operations. This kind of software design is used to make predictions and identify patterns. Artificial intelligence applies computer machines to human activities such as data and learning to process complex tasks.

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Research Questions

1. How does artificial intelligence influence the reform and development of higher education?
2. What are the advantages of artificial intelligence on the reform and development of higher education?
3. What is artificial intelligence?
4. What is Higher Education?
5. What are the disadvantages of using artificial intelligence on the reform and development of higher education?

Research Objectives

1. The research aims to describe the effects of artificial intelligence on the reform and development of higher education.
2. The research aims to explain the advantages of artificial intelligence on the development of higher education.
3. The research aims to explain the disadvantages of artificial intelligence to the development of higher education.
4. The research aims to explain how artificial intelligence is applied in institutions of Higher Education.

Literature Review

Yin Yanlin and Rui (2019) states that artificial intelligence has been used extensively in the whole society to do personalized teaching programs. This has improved students’ level of comprehension and their innovation ability. Furthermore, scientific innovation can enhance the competitive abilities of various universities. The use of innovative clusters has been applied as a tool for advancing various institutions of higher Education (Efimova, 2014). According to Green, Hoffmann, and Stark (2019), artificial intelligence and machine learning have been widely used in computer science, designing, and engineering. These technologies are also used in consumer finance for criminal justice.

The invention of artificial intelligence brought about a lot of transformation in the accounting sector. This has changed the mode of teaching accounting in institutions of higher learning. Learners are taught to acquire new intelligent accounting talents (Guomin, 2019). Moreover, Wu, Q (2019) states that the use of artificial intelligence and big data has transformed and improved accounting work efficiency. In addition to that, artificial intelligence has been used to show various areas that need in courses that need modification. This may not be possible by just mere teaching. Therefore, higher education will depend on upcoming intelligent machines and artificial intelligence (Yadav, 2018). Artificial intelligence will affect the quality of higher education across the globe (Bhattacharjee, K, 2019)

Bajaj and Sharma (2018) said that artificial intelligence is used to determine the students' learning styles. This helps the learner to maximize their learning efficiently by minimizing cognitive problems that are overloaded. In this context, artificial intelligence aims to emphasize adaptivity in the education environment. Adaptivity will enable the learners to meet their own needs and preferences using artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is useful when comparing various learning models in a specific environment. Adaptive Learning System enables the learners to adapt and present content according to their preferences. This system is also useful for learners with physical disabilities such as hearing and visual impairments (El Janati and El Ghanami, 2018)

Significance of the Study

According to the introduction, the world is moving at a higher pace in technology, especially in higher education. It is quite clear that the use of artificial intelligence in higher education is significant. The use of artificial intelligence has made social work easier. Emerging technology has influenced the way learners and teachers approach education. This is especially in higher institutions of learning. Artificial intelligence is now the cornerstone of our universities. Artificial intelligence has been used to capture knowledge and used in solving new and old problems in higher Education (Becerra-Fernandez, 2000). Moudud-Ul-Huq, S. (2014) states that artificial intelligence is also significant in business and its operations.

Research Methodology

The more extensive research will include a survey into the higher institutions of Higher Education that have used artificial intelligence and intelligent machines. The data will also be collected through qualitative research, where the models will be evaluated and establish how good they were for the analysis (Denzin & Lincoln, 2005). There will also be a study on the spatial distribution of the number of universities that used intelligent machines and artificial intelligence. The study will compose and analyze the evidence available about the university's administrations and how suitable they are affected by artificial intelligence (Zawacki-Richter et al., 2019). The research that will be written on this paper will scrutinize the methods identified and how to them correctly.

Methods of data collection that will be used include interviews, library research, and finally, evaluation and analysis of the data gathered. Peer-reviewed journals and studies will also be used to exhaust the knowledge about the topic of study.

References

Bajaj, R., & Sharma, V. (2018). Smart education with the artificial intelligence-based determination of learning styles. Procedia computer science, 132, 834-842.

Becerra-Fernandez, I. (2000). The role of artificial intelligence technologies in the implementation of people-finder knowledge management systems. Knowledge-Based Systems, 13(5), 315-320.

Bhattacharjee, K. K. (2019, December). Research Output on the Usage of Artificial Intelligence in Indian Higher Education-A Scientometric Study. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) (pp. 916-919). IEEE.

Denzin, N.K., & Lincoln, Y.S. ( 2005). Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed., pp. 1-32). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2005-07735-001

Efimova, I. N. (2014). University Rankings as Instruments for the Reform of the System of Higher Education in the Global Context. Russian Education & Society, 56(7), 15-39.

El Janati, S., Maach, A., & El Ghanami, D. (2018). SMART education framework for adaptation content presentation. Procedia Computer Science, 127, 436-443.

Greene, D., Hoffmann, A. L., & Stark, L. (2019, January). It is better, nicer, clearer, and fairer: A critical assessment of the movement for ethical artificial intelligence and machine learning, in Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

Guomin, S. O. N. G. (2019, July). Reform and Exploration of Accounting Professional Practice Teaching under the Background of Artificial Intelligence. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 563, No. 5, p. 052005). IOP Publishing

Moudud-Ul-Huq, S. (2014). The Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Development of Accounting Systems: A Review. IUP Journal of Accounting Research & Audit Practices, 13(2).

Popenici, S. A., & Kerr, S. (2017). Exploring the impact of artificial intelligence on teaching and learning in Higher Education. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 12(1), 22.

Singh, J. (2018). ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN TEACHING AND LEARNING SCENARIO.

Wu, Q. (2019, September). Reflection on the Transformation of Accounting Management Function under the Background of Big Data. In 2019 3rd International Seminar on Education, Management and Social Sciences (ISEMSS 2019). Atlantis Press.

Yadav, A. IMPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ON LEARNING AND TEACHING PROCESSES IN THE PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF INDIA.

Yanlin, Y., & Rui, H. (2019). Research on the Reform and Innovation of Higher Education System Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology.

Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). A systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators?. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 39.