Discrimination and Avoidance - Essay Sample

Introduction

Discrimination and avoidance are critical factors that contribute to people with disabilities' mental distress and thus affect their psychological conditions. It tends to increasing stress and even triggering depression (Temple et al. 2019). Discrimination and avoidance deny an individual the ability to enjoy freedom and their rights by limiting their access to resources (Temple, & Kelaher, 2018). Over time, the individual is left with doubts and mistrust eve to caregivers and resort not to seek help, which further affects their mental wellbeing.

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Influence of Social Relationships

Social relationships can be categorized into distal and proximal environments. The distal environments may include surrounding culture, neighborhood, and market, while the proximal environment entails social network and social support (Touh et al., 2017). In settings where people with disabilities have social network and support, psychological issues are low (Shogren, & Shaw, 2016). These interactions provide intrinsic resources such as emotional support, which is vital for the individual's wellbeing.

Learning Disability

There is a distinct difference in academic performance for regular students and those with disabilities. There has been a consistent record of poor performance among individuals with disabilities. It may be directly connected to their disability or related to other associated conditions (Banerjee, 2016). Typical difficulties may include dyscalculia, dyslexia, dysgraphia, or on-vernal LDs (Dominguez, 2020). External factors include emotional and psychological distress, which may impair the individuals' concentration, attitude, and hope. The chances of disillusionment are higher compared to the average everyday person.

Age and Disability

Research done recently shows that significant functional impairment has given a constant rate among the aged 65 years and above over nearly two decades (Bloom et al., 2015). As people age, their functionality tends to decrease (Lee, 2014). It is best explained by the fact that some disabilities come with age, for example, arthritis. It affects the workforce as people would have to retire since their usefulness is lowered.

References

Bloom, D. E., Chatterji, S., Kowal, P., Lloyd-Sherlock, P., McKee, M., Rechel, B., & Smith, J. P. (2015). Macroeconomic implications of population aging and selected policy responses. The Lancet, 385(9968), 649-657.

Banerjee, P. A. (2016). A systematic review of factors linked to disadvantaged students' poor academic performance in science and maths in schools. Cogent Education, 3(1), 1178441.

Dominguez, O., & Carugno, P. (2020). Learning Disability.

Lee, R. D. (2014). Macroeconomic consequences of population aging in the United States: Overview of a national academy report. American economic review, 104(5), 234-39.

Shogren, K. A., & Shaw, L. A. (2016). The role of autonomy, self-realization, and psychological empowerment in predicting outcomes for youth with disabilities. Remedial and Special Education, 37(1), 55-62.

Temple, J. B., Kelaher, M., & Williams, R. (2019). Disability discrimination and avoidance in later life: prevalence, disability differentials, and association with mental health. International Psychogeriatrics, 31(9), 1319-1329.

Temple, J. B., & Kelaher, M. (2018). Is disability exclusion associated with psychological distress? Australian evidence from a national cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open, 8(5), e020829.

Tough, H., Siegrist, J., & Fekete, C. (2017). Social relationships, mental health, and wellbeing in physical disability: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 17(1), 1-18.