Essay Example on Population-Ecology, Critical, and Postmodernism Theories

Population-Ecology theory

Historical context

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Population-Ecology theory relates the study of various species within various forms of organizational systems and environments. The theory is traced back to the mid-20thcenturies where scholars identified an inter-relationship that existed within the populations and their environment. These scholars identified some aspects of environmental processes that had a profound impact on the organizational settings and systems. The evolution of the theory was identifying to exist in different aspect including organizational, population and community levels. The development of the theory has become a central aspect revolving the understanding of a number of elements within distinct populations. Research conducted by individuals like Erick Trist, Michael Hannan and Freeman established clear relationships that existed between various organizations within environment and the existence of various natural processes within the surrounding. Different models justify the evolutionary process of the theory especially through the regard of Darwinism and Lamarckian evolutionary models.

Theoretical context

The theory justifies and identifies various relationships existing between the population and ecological perspective. Population-Ecology has become vital in the organizational structure by reflecting a number of organizational aspects and issues that affect the functions. The functions and activities of an organization will tend to diminish when not supported by the environmental instances. Organizations and human services tend to thrive more when subjected to suitable environmental conditions. Theoretically, organizational changes are attributed as a result of the mortality and birth, based on the surrounding with which the organization prevails.

Descriptive/Prescriptive

Population ecology dictates the operational levels in the organization by highlighting various determinants of its performance. Various aspects of research streams have influenced organizational functions. For instance, the funding of new organization is dependent on its sustainability and prevalence in the environment especially the success. The formation of any form of an organization should largely be determined by the substantial ecological factors.

Defining points of theories Various tenets of population theory include organizational funding especially in defining the nature of the organization. They assist in identification of various opportunities within the business and future projection of the business.

The niche width theory which identifies the operational area and space occupied by various population, refers to the area in which different population exist and occupy for competence purposes.

Newness liability is the likelihood of the new organization to fail in future by considering various internal forces.

Resource divisibility involves the relation of the availability of the resources within the environment and its determinants.

Liability of smallness identifies the size of the organization with its overall success value.

Examples in human services? The developments of smokeless cigarettes have been an ineffective move for the organizations since majority within the environment does not recognize the new product. Consumers are used to the already existing smoke-enabled cigarettes. External factors determine the success of an organizational product.

Empirical evidence

Different theoretical tenets have been studied by a number of authors within the organizational framework. The above service was empirically identified through conducting a research among various cigarette smoking individuals by sampling methods.

Your gut reaction

Yes. Human services employ the perspective in various instances especially aiding their performances and sustainability within the population targeted.

Compare/Contrast

They both address various changes within the environment and the external factors determining the existences of organizations within the society.

Both theories primarily depend on environmental aspects in one way or the other,

While population ecology theory focuses on the population within the environment, contingency theory addresses a logical presentation and shifts in the structural perspective.

Other notes

Population ecology can sometimes be subjected to various limitations including the unclear antecedents of constructing populations and inaccurate collection process.

Critical Theory

Historical context

Critical theory was developed by Frankfurt school of thought through an establishment of assessment mechanisms within the society. It was developed in the 1930s and stresses mainly on the intellectual propagation of events. It evolves in then contemporary world through describing various historical and intellectual approaches. They include the maxims period, post modernization processes existing within individualistic expressions.

Theoretical context

The theory determines the relationships between various aspects of the society and its overall determinants thus enables us understand the nature of the community we live in.

Descriptive/Prescriptive

The tenets of the critical approach entails the Marxism, post modernism which are the techniques used in the progressive world, communication aspects and education. These tenets relate and are interchanging applicable in everyday lives.

Defining points of theories

Maxims refers to the application of various Marxist approaches in undertaking the techniques used within the society.

Post modernism may refer to the recent developments and concerns brought about by the research and the contemporary aspects as a result of the crisis in presentation

Communication refers to the sharing of information among members and how mediums of communication affect the information gathering process.

Education entails a critical outlook of different skills that have been identified within the research.

Examples in human services? Some communities have dwelled in the conservation of various practices especially in Africa communities where the Yoruba culture dresses half naked to justify their refusal to change.

Empirical evidence

Study on the impact of education towards the individuals had no impact on their cultural practices.

Your gut reaction

Critical theory is an important aspect in the societal change and overall organizational view.

Compare/Contrast

Both are concerned with the upkeep of the society.

While political economy reiterates the aspect of strategic roles and individual interest, critical thinking is solely based on identifying various aspects of communal exploitations through presenting conflicting views.

Other notes

Critical theory has been criticized due to the aspect of great refusal among individuals

Post Modernism

Historical context

The historical usage and application of the theory dates back to the 20th century. It is regarded and linked to various existing theories including structural, deconstruction, science and technological development and the overall modernity.

Theoretical context

The theory relates a number of post modernism aspects involving the activities, artistic works, and cultural aspects. It dwells mainly on the modernity aspect by relating the manner in which various elements have been thought through by the post approaches.

Descriptive/Prescriptive

Various concepts that have been identified by the theory involves deconstruction, Post structuralism, Science and technology

Defining points of theories

Deconstruction elaborates the concepts of texts and reception process that signifies the nature of structuration existing within the societal prospects.

Post structuralism illustrates the changing forms of the nature of the structure of the society as evidenced in the modern world.

Science and technology involves the recent development which have revolutionized the nature of the society especially thought the involvement of different aspects of means regarding modern inventions.

Examples in human services? Daily applications of human activities involve scientific aspects especially development of drugs used within the society.

Empirical evidence

Research on various diseases have been carried out by scientists, for instance the medicinal aspects of different types of virus such as HIV-AIDS led to invention of ARVs

Your gut reaction Lack of science and objectivity of different elements within the society is a lack of focus hence highly regarded within any environment

Compare/Contrast

Both are concerned with the upkeep of the society and elaborate on the structure within most societies.

While political economy reiterates the aspect of strategic roles and individual interest, post modernisms regards the application of different elements to scientific inventions and modernizations.

Other notes

The nature of the theory largely assumes the application and relation of aspects to science and objectivity.