Paper Example. The Nurse's Skills

Article One Summary

The article generally describes how patients who have Dementia receive maximum attention towards the culmination of life. Dementia encompasses the progressive, incurable condition that involves complex needs such as memory loss, impairment of language, disorientation, and problems in carrying out normal daily activities. The nurses are involved in providing care to patients by recognizing, evaluating, and relieving the patient's discomfort.

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The principal aim of the study in this article was to designate the nurse's skills concerning end-of-life pain in patients who have Dementia. Some of the problems that the nurses faced included moral difficulties, being unable to connect to patients and sensitivity to powerlessness. The type of study involved was a descriptive exploratory qualitative study concerning seven interviews. All seven interviews were from women nurses aged between twenty-six to fifty-two years. All the nurses had experience averaging ten years, but only one had one year as an enumerated nurse.

The data was analyzed and recorded by Burnard's content, where two categories, including nurses, the involvement of problems, and incomes regarding pain liberation, were recognized. The findings of the study were grouped into two categories and different subcategories from each. From the first category of nurses experiencing difficulties with pain relief, there were four subcategories. They included: feelings of danger, moral predicaments when meeting the individuals, insufficiency feeling, and being unable to connect to patients. The following subcategories were identified in the second category of nurse's experience of resources about pain relief.

Several nurses noticed that they possessed the capability to comprehend patients' desires, the association with patients, which enhanced the uniqueness of the individual and feeling satisfied to dismiss sorrow with nonpharmacological pain relief.

Article Two Summary

Studies show that about 50% of individuals with Dementia mostly experience discomfort and an associated reduction in life. The number of studies across the globe has estimated that this pain is considerably undertreated or untreated to these patients. The acknowledgment, assessment, and organization of discomfort in hospitals is suboptimal and has been a significant challenge facing patients suffering from Dementia. The current process concerning management and evaluation of pain in hospitals encompasses postulation that nurses follow a direct chronological method in making decisions.

This study's primary goal was to offer a reviewed theoretical model of pain acknowledgment, organization, and valuation constructed on sense-making theories of decision making. Two models, including pain valuation as a decision process and pain management as a decision process, have been used to determine what to do with pain experienced in dementia patients. The methodology used in the study encompassed exploratory study via ethnography. The study was carried out in four general health facility hospitals in the United Kingdom, Scotland, and England, where patients averaging 65 years possessing Dementia were involved in the study. Data was collected from non-participants patients at the bedside, where observations concentrated on the manner info seemed to be recognized.

The data was analyzed from interviews and observations from medicals and nursing notes. This data was organized through NVivo version 10 software, where decision making and management were the initial data that was coded. The study results were acquired from participant characteristics, themes coming from data, nature of pain, and pain valuation in patients suffering from dementia and pain identification, valuation, and supervision as a process distributed across people. In conclusion, the study results show that pain recognition, management, and assessment for dementia patients is not a sequential linear process. Instead, it's carried out by individuals in a particular climate or organizational culture.

Article Three Summary

Older Australians tend to be more susceptible to pain management and long bone structures than other age groups. The article focuses on emergency nurses' perception understanding of pain management for older individuals experiencing mental impairment. The article is a summary of a more extensive study exploring the topic in detail.

The paper aimed to evaluate the insight of Australian emergency nurses vis-à-vis the managing of pain for the older patients suffering from mental illness and presenting with a long bone breakage.

The study method was a descriptive explanation forming a segment of the paper, exploring older persons with cognitive disorder agony management. For this research, a qualitative design was used. The data was collected via interviewing focus groups, and a thematic technique was used for analysis. The constructivist paradigm frame of the research facilitated numerous actualities to the surface and was interpreted to develop the following results.

Sixteen focus groups participated in the study across four emergency departments. The participants included 67 females making 84% of the total and 13 males making 16% of the total number. The personnel recorded an average of 12.5 years as registered nurses with a standard deviation of 10.06 and 8.6 years of emergency experience with a standard deviation of 8.64.

From the analysis of data, several themes came up that entailed pain management in older persons. The aging progressions, absence of proper agony management gears, patients' belief in maneuvering pain management, and delivery of analgesia as a balancing act and policy regulations by the department initiating pain management.

To improve the pain management processes, the emergency technicians have to discover the utility of pain assessment gears for the elderly. The responsible departments should consider revising the policies and improve their infrastructure to make the process more effective.

Article Four Summary

Pain care provision for older persons by nurses is below optimum despite the required base guidelines by responsible departments. The topic was researched further. Joanne Harmon and colleagues provided input by older patients concerning their opinion on the provision of care by nurses practicing in the acute area.

The study's objective was to present an ethnographic intuition into older patients aged above 65v years, their opinions and experiences regarding pain care provision by nurses in acute care. This aim is achieved by exploring culturally mediated processes in respective units when assessing pain for older persons to provide insight to understand possible barriers.

The research was meant to fill the two gaps in the health care service. One was to determine the mediated culture practiced by nurses that influence pain care provision of the older patients. Second, was to discover the intermediated obstacles and facilitators to practice during the processes.

The researchers applied a methodological approach of Focused ethnography (FE) for this study and further explored theories of processual ethnographies that define a social process aspect. Several theories were used combined with FE, which allowed proper understanding and identification of how cultural norms were related and contributed to clinical practice related to health care provision.

The study was carried out in two Australian health care facilities that included eight acute care units. The study contributors were sampled and consisted of nine registered nurses (RNs) and forty-two older patients aged 65-92. A consolidated criterion for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) was applied to account for the research results.

The older patients’ experiences were based on formulaic assessment since the pain management strategy applied did not require their input. The majority of older people did not recognize pain care services as a benefit but rather as a procedure. The nurses tended to lack insight into the nature of pain for older patients.

It was clear that the nursing culture's influences played a significant obstacle to effective pain care delivery for older people. Such cultures should be eliminated to ensure quality in the pain care provision processes for older patients.