Systematic Review Study of Survivor Characteristics by Thompson and Haley (2018) - Essay Sample

Methodology

The study by Thompson and Haley's (2018) systematic review as its methodology based on a clear study objective and research questions. Through the aid of the systematic review study method, the article was able to identify relevant and most current articles and summarized their findings to present the results presented by the study. However, the study's method did not indicate, but by the flow of results, one can assume systematics review.

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Results

Survivor Characteristics

Thompson and Haley (2018) presented the key findings of the systematic reviews in several themes. The first theme was the survivors' characteristics. The researchers presented statistics from the United Nations records of human trafficking survivors in terms of gender. The next theme was on risk factors of human trafficking. Under this theme, summary of two articles by Cole and Sprang (2014) and Macias-Konstantopoulos (2016) were combined to present the risk factors.

Risk factors According to Cole and Sprang (2014), the main risk factors were sexual massage parlors, prostitution, survival sex, and strip dancing. At the same time, Macias-Konstantopoulos (2016) claimed that marginalized people in society are at greater risk of experiencing human trafficking. The most vulnerable in this case is recognized as transgender, lesbian, gay, and those with disabilities.

The third theme is warming and symptoms. The article identified the crucial symptoms that can be used to determine if one is a human trafficking survivor as lack of home during youth stage, client's irregularity with historical reporting information regarding themselves, and being a victim of juvenile sexual or physical abuse. Further, other symptoms are a history of social, economic, legal uncertainty that is specifically associated with immigration status, a usual disruption with mental or medical health services, and occasionally seeking medical care for adverse health symptoms associated with sexual exploitation. On top of that, most girls and women exploited for sexual purposes present with the sexually transmitted disease, injuries associated with sexual or physical assault, or might seek help on abortion, contraception, or complications with pregnancies.

Clinical challenges Related to Care

Under this topic, the study discovered the key challenges were lack of SoHTs commitment, the current risk of SoHTs' dangers, and hardship for counselors in ascertaining SoHTs history, lack of collaboration, and SoHTs uncertainty terms of safety. Furthermore, the upsurge number of social requirements and lack of support among SoHTs, counselors have inadequate knowledge concerning this matter, and are less likely to care adequately for trafficking survivors.

Lack of Standardized Protocols or Empirically Based Treatments

The key finding under this section was a substantial breakdown in mental health care for SoHTs in attaining safe and regular care due to inadequacies with protocols such as coordination of care, intake in appointments, and referral procedures.

Recommendation

Based on the finding, the study made a recommendation. The solution it offered was to offer training. The study claimed that distinct symptoms need specific counselor training to support those needs. Further, it stated that improved training for counselors associated with treating SoHTs could significantly increase counselor self-efficacy and capability when working with human trafficking survivors. Further, the study proposed service learning as a way of increasing the counselors' self-efficacy and competency. Under service learning, different levels are beginning CITs, intermediate CITs, advance CITs, and post-graduate CITs.

Addressing Counselor Training

The study urge that, there is a need for more counselor education and training regarding human trafficking and its impact on survivors. Trafficking survivors experience unusual symptoms that require specific counselor training to support their needs. Enhanced training for counselors related to treating SoHTs could greatly help increase counselor self-efficacy and competency when working with this population (Cole and Sprang 2014). Increasing Counselors in Training Self-Efficacy and Competency, Service Learning. The study ended with a conclusion that summarized the main points and re-echoed the need for improving counselors.

Critique

The research iscomposed following the scholarly article structure. Scholarly articles normally have a title, abstract, introduction, material and method, finding, discussion, and conclusion. The article attained clarity, simplicity, and accuracy in thoughts it presented by having these parts in the systematics order.

Besides, assuming the required structure to scholarly articles, the study used an excellent approach is presenting its findings. The study utilized systematics reviews as its research method. Systematic reviews are a transparent and rigorous type of literature review described by Cumpston et al. (2019) as the most trustworthy and inclusive statement about what works. Systematic review engages identifying, synthesizing, and appraising all present evidence. Therefore, it is an effective approach to an evidence-based approach as it offers a deep reflection of the topic under discussion. The study could have stated criteria used to inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selection of articles used for the study and state database that where the articles were researched. Connelly (2020) claimed that the purpose of stating the inclusion and exclusion criteria used for the study is to meet the condition necessary for a high-quality research protocol.

The study stated that it adhered to legal and ethical standards. Legal and ethical considerations form a crucial element of recent research associated with the subject and researcher. According to Fiske, Henningsen, & Buyx (2019), psychological researches, aim at systematically collect and analyze data from which conclusions are obtained that may be generalizable so enhance the clinical relevance in therapeutic practices in the future. Hence, it is good for a study to adhere to ethical and legal matters since it is only a measure to assert whether is a study is practical and real to human lives. Therefore, the study was suitable to be utilized for improving services offered to Human trafficking survivors by using the recommendation from the study.

The study could have stated the limitation if experienced. Explaining research limitations offers a researcher a chance to illustrate to a reader that they have thought critically regarding the research problem, comprehend the suitable literature published about it, and accurately evaluate the method selected for studying the research problem. Besides, based on a limitation, a study can recommend a future study can be conducted to improve the present study. The study did not have a recommendation for future study as it lacked to acknowledge the limitation of the study.

Conclusion

In conclusion, based on the critique, I would recommend the article be used for clinical relevance in therapeutic practices since it used systematic review. It is an evidence-based approach to clinical research. Further, the study complied with ethical standards. However, the user in the article should put into consideration the shortcoming of the research. The key shortcomings are the lack of a methodology section and lack of explanation of the study's limitations. The lack of the two-section did not substantially affect the quality of findings and recommendations of the research

References

Cole, J., & Sprang, G. (2015). Sex trafficking of minors in metropolitan, Micropolitan, and rural communities. Child Abuse & Neglect, 40, 113-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.07.015

Connelly, L. M. (2020). Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. Medsurg Nursing, 29(2), 125-116. https://search.proquest.com/openview/46ad1457b17d5d5995f448f9133109fa/1?cbl=30764&pq-origsite=gscholar

Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, M. J., Chandler, J., Welch, V. A., Higgins, J. P., & Thomas, J. (2019). Updated guidance for trusted systematic reviews: a new edition of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10, E

D000142. https://researchmgt.monash.edu/ws/portalfiles/portal/285318580/283603575_oa.pdf

Fiske, A., Henningsen, P., & Buyx, A. (2019). Your robot therapist will see you now: ethical implications of embodied artificial intelligence in psychiatry, psychology, and psychotherapy. Journal of medical Internet research, 21(5), e13216. https://www.jmir.org/2019/5/e13216/

Macias-Konstantopoulos, W. (2016). Human trafficking: the role of medicine in interrupting the cycle of abuse and violence. Annals of internal medicine, 165(8), 582-588. https://doi.org/10.7326/M16-0094

Thompson, J., & Haley, M. (2018). Human trafficking: Preparing counselors to work with survivors. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 40(3), 298-309. https://plosjournal.deepdyve.com/lp/springer-journals/human-trafficking-preparing-counselors-to-work-with-survivors-